{"id":5292,"date":"2017-07-09T11:28:37","date_gmt":"2017-07-09T06:58:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arsmachine.com\/%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87-%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%88-%d8%8c-%d8%b4%db%8c%da%a9%d8%b1-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%88-%d9%88-%d8%af%d8%b3\/"},"modified":"2023-08-22T08:59:26","modified_gmt":"2023-08-22T05:29:26","slug":"understanding-walnut-walnut-shaker-and-walnut-husking-machine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arsmachine.com\/en\/understanding-walnut-walnut-shaker-and-walnut-husking-machine\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding Walnut, Walnut Shaker, and Walnut Husking Machine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Understanding Walnuts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Based on oral plant studies, palynology, various types of walnuts have existed since ancient times, especially during the third geological era. Evidence of walnut trees and their pollen has been observed in Eastern European countries since the fourth geological era and onwards. The primary homeland of the walnut is Western Asia and the Himalayan regions. In Iran, it is commonly cultivated in the northern forest regions (from Astra to Gili-Dagh) and in the plains (coastal areas). It grows naturally in the western forests, from Sunanda to Marian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The oldest walnut tree is found in the city of Kurd, Azaragan. According to a closely obtained inscription, the history of planting this tree dates back to the Sassanian era, around 1400 years ago. In ancient Greece and ancient Egypt, they placed the leaves and branches of the walnut tree under the feet of brides and grooms, believing that this would free them from magic and enchantment. For this reason, it is claimed that the walnut tree is reputable and sacred. Even on Iranian wedding tables, walnuts used to be a symbol.
Walnut kernel contains a significant amount of fat, protein, and starchy nutrients, along with other substances. This dried fruit has medicinal uses. Boiling its leaves is effective for skin diseases and eczema. The green-colored syrup from its fresh skin is suitable for eliminating freckles and treating baldness. Boiling walnut skins produces a brownish hair dye, which, when mixed with henna, provides a good hair color<\/p>\n\n\n\n

. Uses of walnuts:
Walnut Kernel:<\/strong>Immature Walnut Kernel (its delicate skin is removed and consumed with salt): Mature walnut kernel, which is one of the best, most nutritious, and tastiest Iranian nuts, is commonly used in baking sweets and cookies in its immature form. It is used in pickles and for preparing vegetable oil, industrial oil, and medicinal purposes. Other parts of the walnut, such as the root, stem, leaves, and shell, are consumed fresh, boiled, or used as medicine. Walnut Oil: In the months of Ordibehesht or Khordad, wheat sprouts are sown, then softened and passed through a sieve, and this uniform paste is stored in small containers. This oil is used to prevent hair loss due to its high fat content, although it may need to be cleaned off the scalp with cotton about an hour after application. Walnut Wood: This wood has various uses, including making packaging materials, furniture manufacturing, preparing rifle stocks, engraving (sculpture, inlay, carving on wood), and crafting sports equipment like bats and diving boards. Wooden containers, chessboards, and backgammon boards are also made from it. Cultivation Regions of Walnut: The walnut tree is predominantly found in the northern hemisphere, from central and eastern Europe to the Caucasus, as well as in northern and central Iran, the Himalayan foothills, China, Japan, and some species can be found naturally in North and South America or are cultivated. The only remaining natural walnut forest of this product is in Kyrgyzstan. The cultivation areas for this product in Iran include the Gorgan Valley in Damghan, from the north of the country to Fars in the south, and the southwestern Urmia heights to the Taftefan mountains in the southeast, between geographical longitudes of 45 to 65 degrees. However, the best yields are found in the foothills of Alborz, Khorasan, Azerbaijan, Zagros, especially in Tafresh, Golpayegan, Toosarcan, and the surroundings of Lalehzar and Alborz mountains. There is a region that is important for walnut cultivation.
different types of walnuts.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The most important types of Iranian walnuts: Paper-shell walnut, Stony walnut, Maku walnut, Needle walnut, Crow’s beak walnut, Dezful walnut, Cluster walnut, Sabzevar blended with Khorasan, Mazandaran, Shemirzad walnut, Qazvin, Hamedan, and Tuyserkan.
:Walnut cultivation area worldwide<\/strong>
Based on the statistics published by FAO in 1997, the global cultivated area of walnut was 51,8490 hectares, indicating a 1% decrease compared to the previous year and a 22% increase compared to 1988. Between 1988 and 1977, the global walnut cultivated area followed an upward trend. In 1988, the cultivated area was 42,3271 hectares, which represented a 27% increase from the figure in 1977. China accounted for 31% of the total global walnut cultivation area with 160,000 hectares of cultivated land dedicated to walnuts. China holds the first position in this regard. The second, third, and fourth positions are occupied by the United States with 68,800 hectares, Turkey with 57,450 hectares, and Iran with 41,766 hectares.
:The cultivated area of walnuts in Iran is as follows<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The cultivated area of walnuts in Iran in the year 76-77 (1996-1997) was 41,746 hectares, indicating a 17% increase compared to the previous agricultural year and a 251% increase compared to the base year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Between the years 1367 to 1376 (1988 to 1997), the cultivated area of walnuts has shown an increase. In 1367, the area was 11,644 hectares, and by the agricultural year 76-75 (1996-1997), it reached 41,466 hectares. According to recent statistics, in the year 76-77, the highest cultivated area was in Kerman province with 5,171 hectares, accounting for 4.12% of the country’s cultivated area. This has placed it in the first position. The second to seventh positions are held by Hamadan, Qazvin, East Azerbaijan, Gorgan, Khorasan, and Fars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Global walnut production based on the latest information from FAO indicates that the world’s walnut production amounted to 64,1097 tons in 1977, showing a 2.2% increase compared to the previous year and a 27% increase compared to 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Among the ten major walnut-producing countries, each producing more than 20,000 tons of walnuts in 1977, the United States holds the first rank with a production of 244,000 tons, accounting for 2.22% of the world’s walnut production. The second rank belongs to China with a production of 240,000 tons, and Iran ranks third with a production of 87,124 tons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


:Walnut Production in Iran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The walnut production in Iran for the years 1376-1375 (1997-1996) was approximately 12,487 tons, showing a slight increase of 3.10% compared to the previous year. The highest walnut production was recorded in Hamadan with 20,157 tons, followed by East Azerbaijan, Tehran, Kerman, Qazvin, Kurdistan, and Khorasan, which are the most important walnut-producing regions in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stages of Planting, Cultivation, and Harvesting:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1) Planting Walnut Trees:<\/strong> There are two methods for planting walnut trees. The first method involves planting walnut seeds in nurseries and then transferring the seedlings to the main field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-1) Direct Planting:<\/strong> This type of planting is common for personal use. It is done by digging a hole about 20 cm deep next to a water stream or garden wall. Half of the hole is filled with loose soil, and then 2 to 4 walnut seeds are placed in it. After a while, the seedlings emerge from the soil. Only one of the seedlings is kept, and the rest are removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-2) Planting in Nurseries:<\/strong> In this method, the seedlings are planted in a nursery and then transplanted to the main field for further growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) Cultivation:<\/strong> This stage includes pruning, irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and disease management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n